Coins

Two players are playing the following game:

  • Player A picks a sequence of three consecutive coin toss results, e.g., Tails-Heads-Heads, and tells it to player B
  • Player B picks another sequence of three consecutive coin toss results, e.g., Heads-Tails-Heads, and tells it to player A
  • A coin is flipped repeatedly and results are written down until one of the sequences is observed
  • The player who’s sequence is observed first wins

Is the game fair?

This is Penney’s game, in which player B has an advantage.

Monte-Carlo simulation using this program gives the following odds of winning:

a_seq b_seq b:a
TTT HTT 6.98838
HTT HHT 2.00116
THT TTH 1.99810
HHT THH 2.99746
TTH HTT 2.99821
HTH HHT 2.00244
THH TTH 1.99916
HHH THH 6.99671