Not-second, First, Second
Two players are playing the following game:
- Player A picks a sequence of three consecutive coin toss results, e.g., Tails-Heads-Heads, and tells it to player B
- Player B picks another sequence of three consecutive coin toss results, e.g., Heads-Tails-Heads, and tells it to player A
- A coin is flipped repeatedly and results are written down until one of the sequences is observed
- The player who’s sequence is observed first wins
Is the game fair?
This is Penney’s game, in which player B has an advantage.
Monte-Carlo simulation using this program gives the following odds of winning:
a_seq | b_seq | b:a |
---|---|---|
TTT | HTT | 6.98838 |
HTT | HHT | 2.00116 |
THT | TTH | 1.99810 |
HHT | THH | 2.99746 |
TTH | HTT | 2.99821 |
HTH | HHT | 2.00244 |
THH | TTH | 1.99916 |
HHH | THH | 6.99671 |